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As camadas s&#227;o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Avabhasini&#44; Lohita</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Shweta</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tamra</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Vedini</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Rohini</span> e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mamsadhara</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A Ayurveda designa as doen&#231;as dermatol&#243;gicas como <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Kushta</span>&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Kushta</span> &#233; o termo atribu&#237;do &#224;s doen&#231;as de pele nos textos ayurv&#233;dicos&#44; e inclui v&#225;rios tipos de enfermidades do sistema tegumentar&#46; Os fatores etiol&#243;gicos das doen&#231;as de pele s&#227;o classificados em f&#237;sicos&#44; fisiol&#243;gicos&#44; 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a hansen&#237;ase&#44; sua etiopatog&#234;nese&#44; complica&#231;&#245;es e modalidades de tratamento s&#227;o descritas em detalhes no tratado de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sushruta</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> As descri&#231;&#245;es da hansen&#237;ase podem ser rastreadas a partir de todos os manuscritos antigos da era v&#233;dica e p&#243;s&#8208;v&#233;dica&#44; e v&#225;rias modalidades de tratamento nativos e certas outras modalidades de tratamento de import&#226;ncia religiosa e espiritual tamb&#233;m foram descritas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Muitos m&#233;dicos ayurv&#233;dicos est&#227;o tratando com sucesso as doen&#231;as cut&#226;neas&#44; aderindo aos princ&#237;pios da Ayurveda obtidos nos textos&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Suporte financeiro</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nenhum&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Rashmi TM&#58; Aprova&#231;&#227;o da vers&#227;o final do manuscrito&#59; elabora&#231;&#227;o e reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sathish HS&#58; Aprova&#231;&#227;o da vers&#227;o final do manuscrito&#59; elabora&#231;&#227;o e reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nenhum&#46;</p></span></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bhagadara</span> &#40;f&#237;stula&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Vidradhi</span> &#40;abscesso&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Journal Information
Vol. 96. Issue 5.
Pages 649-650 (1 September 2021)
Visits
8478
Vol. 96. Issue 5.
Pages 649-650 (1 September 2021)
Correspondência
Open Access
Primeiros detalhes da dermatologia por Ayurveda
Visits
8478
Rashmi Tma, Sathish Hsb,
Corresponding author
ayursathishhs@gmail.com

Autor para correspondência.
a Departamento de Shalya Tantra, TMAE's Society Ayurvedic Medical College, Shimoga, Karnataka, Índia
b Departamento de Shalya Tantra, TMAE's Ayurvedic Medical College, Shimoga, Karnataka, Índia
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Tabela 1. As sete camadas da pele com espessura específica
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Li o artigo intitulado “História da dermatologia: o estudo das doenças cutâneas ao longo dos séculos”,1 e, surpreendentemente, as primeiras descrições da pele e seus distúrbios detalhadas nos antigos textos védicos indianos, especialmente em tratados ayurvédicos, não foram relatadas.2,3 Ayurveda, a Ciência da vida, é o primeiro tratado que contém as numerosas evidências da origem da dermatologia. Sushruta menciona sete camadas de pele com espessura específica e também doenças dermatológicas que afetam cada camada4 (tabela 1). As camadas são Avabhasini, Lohita, Shweta, Tamra, Vedini, Rohini e Mamsadhara.5,6

Tabela 1.

As sete camadas da pele com espessura específica

Camada n°  Camadas de Twak (pele)  Doenças que afetam a camada 
Avabhasini  Sidhma (pitiríase vesicular), Padmakantaka (papiloma) 
Lohita  Tilakalaka (sinal não elevado), Nyaccha (nevos), Vyanga (sardas) 
Shweta  Ajagallika (molusco contagioso), Charmadala (dermatite atópica), Mashaka (sinal elevado) 
Tamra  Kilasa kushta (um tipo de leucodermia) 
Vedini  Kushta (hanseníase e outras doenças cutâneas graves), Visarpa (erisipelas) 
Rohini  Granthi (cisto), Apachi (linfadenite cervical), Arbuda (neoplasia), Shleepada (elefantíase), Galaganda (bócio) 
Mamsadhara  Bhagadara (fístula), Vidradhi (abscesso) 

A Ayurveda designa as doenças dermatológicas como Kushta. Kushta é o termo atribuído às doenças de pele nos textos ayurvédicos, e inclui vários tipos de enfermidades do sistema tegumentar. Os fatores etiológicos das doenças de pele são classificados em físicos, fisiológicos, hereditários e psicológicos,7 e há mais um segmento da etiologia que fala basicamente sobre atos pecaminosos de um indivíduo que resultam no desenvolvimento de manifestações patológicas na pele; a veracidade desta causa ainda não foi pesquisada. Grosseiramente, os distúrbios são agrupados em dois tipos, como Mahakushta (doenças da pele com grande desequilíbrio de dosha ou humores corporais com nível mais profundo de invasão patológica) e Kshudra kushta (doenças da pele com menor grau de comprometimento de dosha).8,9 A temida doença cutânea, a hanseníase, sua etiopatogênese, complicações e modalidades de tratamento são descritas em detalhes no tratado de Sushruta.10 As descrições da hanseníase podem ser rastreadas a partir de todos os manuscritos antigos da era védica e pós‐védica, e várias modalidades de tratamento nativos e certas outras modalidades de tratamento de importância religiosa e espiritual também foram descritas.11 Muitos médicos ayurvédicos estão tratando com sucesso as doenças cutâneas, aderindo aos princípios da Ayurveda obtidos nos textos.

Suporte financeiro

Nenhum.

Contribuição dos autores

Rashmi TM: Aprovação da versão final do manuscrito; elaboração e redação do manuscrito.

Sathish HS: Aprovação da versão final do manuscrito; elaboração e redação do manuscrito.

Conflito de interesses

Nenhum.

Referências
[1]
I.G. Ferreira, M.B. Weber, R.R. Bonamigo.
History of dermatology: the study of skin diseases over the centuries.
An Bras Dermatol., 96 (2021), pp. 332-345
[2]
O.P. Singh, B. Das, M.M. Padhi, N.S. Tewari.
Kushtha (skin disorders) in Vedic and other religious literature – A review.
Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad., 32 (2002), pp. 51-55
[3]
J. Mitra.
Glimpses of the advancement of medical science as depicted in the Mahabhara ta.
Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad., 25 (1995), pp. 20-37
[4]
J.K. Giri, P. Majagaiyan, S.K. Singrapu, U.B. Gopal.
Understanding of Twak– A Conceptual Review Article.
EJPMR, 8 (2021), pp. 599-604
[5]
K.L. Bhishagratna.
An English translation of the Sushruta Samhita (Volume 2), Bhishagratna KL.
Calcutta (India), (1911), pp. 144
[6]
G. Gurav, R. Dhaked.
A conceptual study of Twacha Sharir.
IJARD., 2 (2017), pp. 300-306
[7]
V.N.R. Gangwal, V.R.V. Sawai.
Critical review of Psychodermatology in Ayurveda and contemporary science.
IAIM, 6 (2019), pp. 127-133
[8]
S. Singh, P.B. Rai.
Concept of Dermatological Disorders in Ayurveda.
[9]
Singh Satyapal, J.S. Tripathi, N.P. Rai.
An overview of Ayurvedic & contemporary approaches to Psychodermatology.
J Phytopharmacol, 3 (2014), pp. 286-299
[10]
G. Robbins, V.M. Tripathy, V.N. Misra, R.K. Mohanty, V.S. Shinde, K.M. Gray, M.D. Schug.
Ancient skeletal evidence for leprosy in India (2000 BC).
[11]
K. Hanumanthayya, K.G. Manjunath, J. Yadav, G. Balasubrahmanyam.
Leprosy discovered through religious books.
RGUHS J Medical Sciences., 7 (2017), pp. 122-125

Como citar este artigo: TM R, HS S. Earliest details of dermatology by Ayurveda. An Bras Dermatol. 2021;96:649–50.

Trabalho realizado no TMAE'S Ayurvedic Medical College, Shimoga, Karnataka, Índia.

Copyright © 2021. Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia
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