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3</a>B and 3C&#41;&#46; These findings&#44; together with the ELISA &#40;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay&#41; positivity for anti-basement membrane zone antibodies &#40;IgG antiBP180 28 RU&#47;mL&#44; IgG antiBP230 33 RU&#47;mL&#59; ARUP Laboratories&#44; test code 0092566&#41; confirmed bullous pemphigoid &#40;BP&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Thus&#44; he started azathioprine 100&#8239;mg&#47;day with little response after 11 months of treatment&#46; The change to cyclosporine 300&#8239;mg&#47;day was initially effective but failed to achieve adequate control 13 months later&#46; The initiation of methotrexate 7&#46;5&#8239;mg weekly did achieve almost complete remission of both pathologies within 2-months&#46; However&#44; it had to be discontinued in the third month after its initiation due to persistent diarrhea and thrombocytopenia&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Subsequently&#44; etanercept 50&#8239;mg weekly was started due to the onset of psoriatic arthritis&#46; The response was good for 6 years&#44; but a chondroid neoplasm was identified which&#44; although it seemed to be an enchondroma&#44; suspension of the drug and close follow-up were recommended&#46; This led to the exacerbation of BP and the worsening of psoriasis&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A combination of omalizumab 300&#8239;mg monthly and doxycycline 100&#8239;mg&#47;day was then prescribed&#44; but the BP was not controlled&#44; and the psoriasis worsened to Psoriasis Area and Severity Score &#40;PASI&#41; 10 and Dermatology Life Quality Index &#40;DLQI&#41; 15&#44; so after 7-months it was decided to switch to guselkumab monotherapy&#58; 100&#8239;mg by subcutaneous injection at weeks 0 and 4&#44; followed by a maintenance dose every 8-weeks&#46; One month after the first dose&#44; the patient presented PASI0&#44; and one month later the BP lesions disappeared &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig&#46; 4</a>&#41;&#46; To date&#44; 2-years after the initiation&#44; he continues with guselkumab 100&#8239;mg every 8 weeks&#44; and remains with PASI0&#44; with no radiologic signs or symptoms of arthritis &#40;Psoriatic Arthritis Uncluttered Screening Evaluation &#8211; PURE4 0&#41;&#44; and no new outbreaks of BP&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The association between psoriasis and BP is described in the literature at the epidemiological level&#44; as patients with BP are approximately 2&#46;5 times more likely to develop psoriasis than the general population&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;3</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It has been proposed that psoriasis may cause tissue damage that exposes certain antigens that trigger an autoimmune response&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> It has also been suggested that there could be an architectural alteration of the basement membrane found in psoriasis&#44; both in the plaque itself and in apparently healthy skin&#46; The most relevant findings are the disintegration and irregular distribution of both laminin and fibronectin 3&#44; which lead to a weakening of the basement membrane that may facilitate its damage in case of intercurrence with BP&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Furthermore&#44; it seems that elevated levels of Interleukin &#40;IL&#41;-23 are not only elevated in psoriasis&#44; but also in BP &#40;whether or not associated with psoriasis&#41;&#46; IL-23 could play a role in that it produces an overexpression of Matrix Metallopeptidase &#40;MMP&#41;-9&#44; which weakens the basement membrane&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There are currently no published cases of treatment of BP with anti-IL23 drugs&#44; although there is one case treated with an anti-IL12&#47;23 drug &#40;ustekinumab&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> In contrast&#44; there have been reported some cases of BP development associated with the initiation of anti-IL23 or anti-IL12&#47;23 drugs&#44; in which&#44; interestingly&#44; most of them did not present positivity for BP autoantibodies&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;9</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mechanism whereby guselkumab has been effective in our case remains unknown&#46; It could be that the regulation of the IL-23 axis directly controls BP&#46; Another possibility is that guselkumab improves psoriasis primarily&#44; thus achieving a stabilization of the basement membrane that avoids the concurrence of BP&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The relation between anti-IL23 drugs and BP is not defined&#46; However&#44; there are data that support the biological plausibility that they may be effective in this pathology&#46; Therefore&#44; they could be considered in the future as a therapeutic alternative in multirefractory cases&#44; as long as more studies are carried out&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Financial support</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Authors&#8217; contributions</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Francisco Jos&#233; Rodr&#237;guez-Cuadrado&#58; Study concept and design&#59; data collection&#44; or analysis and interpretation of data&#59; writing of the manuscript or critical review of important intellectual content&#59; critical review of the literature&#59; final approval of the final version of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Gaston Roustan-Gull&#243;n&#58; Writing of the manuscript or critical review of important intellectual content&#59; intellectual participation in the propaedeutic and&#47;or therapeutic conduct of the studied cases&#59; critical review of the literature&#59; final approval of the final version of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dolores Su&#225;rez-Massa&#58; Writing of the manuscript or critical review of important intellectual content&#59; intellectual participation in the propaedeutic and&#47;or therapeutic conduct of the studied cases&#59; critical review of the literature&#59; final approval of the final version of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mercedes Hospital-Gil&#58; Writing of the manuscript or critical review of important intellectual content&#59; intellectual participation in the propaedeutic and&#47;or therapeutic conduct of the studied cases&#59; critical review of the literature&#59; final approval of the final version of the manuscript&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Letter - Therapy
Multirefractory bullous pemphigoid, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis successfully treated with guselkumab
Francisco José Rodríguez-Cuadradoa,
Autor para correspondência
, Gaston Roustan-Gullóna, Dolores Suárez-Massab, Mercedes Hospital-Gila
a Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
b Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
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3</a>B and 3C&#41;&#46; These findings&#44; together with the ELISA &#40;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay&#41; positivity for anti-basement membrane zone antibodies &#40;IgG antiBP180 28 RU&#47;mL&#44; IgG antiBP230 33 RU&#47;mL&#59; ARUP Laboratories&#44; test code 0092566&#41; confirmed bullous pemphigoid &#40;BP&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Thus&#44; he started azathioprine 100&#8239;mg&#47;day with little response after 11 months of treatment&#46; The change to cyclosporine 300&#8239;mg&#47;day was initially effective but failed to achieve adequate control 13 months later&#46; The initiation of methotrexate 7&#46;5&#8239;mg weekly did achieve almost complete remission of both pathologies within 2-months&#46; However&#44; it had to be discontinued in the third month after its initiation due to persistent diarrhea and thrombocytopenia&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Subsequently&#44; etanercept 50&#8239;mg weekly was started due to the onset of psoriatic arthritis&#46; The response was good for 6 years&#44; but a chondroid neoplasm was identified which&#44; although it seemed to be an enchondroma&#44; suspension of the drug and close follow-up were recommended&#46; This led to the exacerbation of BP and the worsening of psoriasis&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A combination of omalizumab 300&#8239;mg monthly and doxycycline 100&#8239;mg&#47;day was then prescribed&#44; but the BP was not controlled&#44; and the psoriasis worsened to Psoriasis Area and Severity Score &#40;PASI&#41; 10 and Dermatology Life Quality Index &#40;DLQI&#41; 15&#44; so after 7-months it was decided to switch to guselkumab monotherapy&#58; 100&#8239;mg by subcutaneous injection at weeks 0 and 4&#44; followed by a maintenance dose every 8-weeks&#46; One month after the first dose&#44; the patient presented PASI0&#44; and one month later the BP lesions disappeared &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig&#46; 4</a>&#41;&#46; To date&#44; 2-years after the initiation&#44; he continues with guselkumab 100&#8239;mg every 8 weeks&#44; and remains with PASI0&#44; with no radiologic signs or symptoms of arthritis &#40;Psoriatic Arthritis Uncluttered Screening Evaluation &#8211; PURE4 0&#41;&#44; and no new outbreaks of BP&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The association between psoriasis and BP is described in the literature at the epidemiological level&#44; as patients with BP are approximately 2&#46;5 times more likely to develop psoriasis than the general population&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;3</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It has been proposed that psoriasis may cause tissue damage that exposes certain antigens that trigger an autoimmune response&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> It has also been suggested that there could be an architectural alteration of the basement membrane found in psoriasis&#44; both in the plaque itself and in apparently healthy skin&#46; The most relevant findings are the disintegration and irregular distribution of both laminin and fibronectin 3&#44; which lead to a weakening of the basement membrane that may facilitate its damage in case of intercurrence with BP&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Furthermore&#44; it seems that elevated levels of Interleukin &#40;IL&#41;-23 are not only elevated in psoriasis&#44; but also in BP &#40;whether or not associated with psoriasis&#41;&#46; IL-23 could play a role in that it produces an overexpression of Matrix Metallopeptidase &#40;MMP&#41;-9&#44; which weakens the basement membrane&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There are currently no published cases of treatment of BP with anti-IL23 drugs&#44; although there is one case treated with an anti-IL12&#47;23 drug &#40;ustekinumab&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> In contrast&#44; there have been reported some cases of BP development associated with the initiation of anti-IL23 or anti-IL12&#47;23 drugs&#44; in which&#44; interestingly&#44; most of them did not present positivity for BP autoantibodies&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;9</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mechanism whereby guselkumab has been effective in our case remains unknown&#46; It could be that the regulation of the IL-23 axis directly controls BP&#46; Another possibility is that guselkumab improves psoriasis primarily&#44; thus achieving a stabilization of the basement membrane that avoids the concurrence of BP&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The relation between anti-IL23 drugs and BP is not defined&#46; However&#44; there are data that support the biological plausibility that they may be effective in this pathology&#46; Therefore&#44; they could be considered in the future as a therapeutic alternative in multirefractory cases&#44; as long as more studies are carried out&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Financial support</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Authors&#8217; contributions</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Francisco Jos&#233; Rodr&#237;guez-Cuadrado&#58; Study concept and design&#59; data collection&#44; or analysis and interpretation of data&#59; writing of the manuscript or critical review of important intellectual content&#59; critical review of the literature&#59; final approval of the final version of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Gaston Roustan-Gull&#243;n&#58; 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Informação do artigo
ISSN: 03650596
Idioma original: Inglês
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