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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Clinical presentation of patient 1&#58; granular erythematous lesion on the right lower tarsal conjunctiva and submandibular lymphadenopathy &#40;Parinaud&#39;s oculoglandular syndrome&#41;&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Case reports</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The first case is a three-year-old male patient living with a sick cat&#46; The patient had an eye lesion in the lower portion of the tarsal conjunctiva that progressed with lymphatic dissemination&#44; the formation of a malar nodule and ipsilateral submandibular lymph node enlargement &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; The second case is a 12-year-old male patient&#44; also contaminated through contact with a sick feline&#44; with scratches on his lip and the ocular mucosa due to probable airborne contagion through sneezing by the cat&#46; It progressed with nodules forming a path in the lower portion of the face and conjunctivitis on the left eye &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46; In both cases&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sporothrix spp</span>&#46; was isolated from the ocular secretion by culture and showed complete resolution after treatment with itraconazole &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Discussion</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ocular involvement in sporotrichosis can occur through hematogenous dissemination&#44; leading to intraocular injury&#44; or by inoculation&#47;trauma&#44; compromising the ocular adnexae&#46; Retrobulbar lesions seem to be more related to hematogenous dissemination&#44; whereas anterior lesions are more associated with fungal inoculation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Both patients denied eye trauma&#44; and the second patient categorically referred to contagion by cat sneezing on his face&#46; Droplets from sick cats&#44; whose secretions contain large amounts of fungi&#44; are known to reach human membranes without the need of a local lesion for inoculation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a> Interestingly&#44; both patients were children&#44; the age group that maintains intimate contact with domestic animals&#44; often taking them close to the face&#44; thus favoring fungal inoculation on the face and ocular mucosa&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The first patient had Parinaud&#39;s oculoglandular syndrome&#46; It is a rare clinical condition&#44; characterized by unilateral granulomatous conjunctivitis&#44; accompanied by preauricular or submandibular satellite lymphadenopathy&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> In the second case&#44; the patient had two clinical forms&#58; the lymphocutaneous&#44; caused by the cat scratch&#44; and the mucosal&#44; through spore inoculation by the droplets of the same cat on the left eye&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The approach to ocular sporotrichosis is similar to that of the cutaneous type&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3</span></a> The diagnosis is made by collecting conjunctival secretion using a sterile swab&#44; followed by culture to screen for fungi&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> The drugs indicated for sporotrichosis treatment are&#58; itraconazole&#44; potassium iodide&#44; terbinafine&#44; and amphotericin B&#46; Ocular involvement in sporotrichosis should be treated with antifungals at the doses recommended for the cutaneous forms&#46; The choice of the drug will depend on contraindications&#44; availability and the host&#8217;s clinical conditions&#46; Itraconazole has been the first choice at a dose of 100 to 200&#8239;mg&#47;day until complete resolution of the lesions &#40;or for another 2 to 4 weeks&#41;&#44; in general&#44; for a total of 3 to 6 months&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Treatment duration varies in the literature and is determined by the patient&#39;s clinical response&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Financial support</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Authors&#8217; contributions</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Luciana Rodino Lemes&#58; Drafting and writing of the manuscript&#59; review of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">John Verrinder Veasey&#58; Drafting and writing of the manuscript&#59; intellectual participation in the propaedeutics and therapeutic conduct of the cases&#59; review of the manuscript&#59; approval of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Silvia Soutto Mayor&#58; Intellectual participation in the propaedeutics and therapeutic conduct of the cases&#59; review of the manuscript&#59; approval of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Carolina Contin Proen&#231;a&#58; Intellectual participation in the propaedeutics and therapeutic conduct of the cases&#59; review of the manuscript&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span></span>"
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                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ajoc.2017.09.005"
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Tropical/Infectoparasitary Dermatology
Ocular involvement in sporotrichosis: report of two cases in children
Luciana Rodino Lemes, John Verrinder Veasey
Autor para correspondência
johnveasey@uol.com.br

Corresponding author.
, Silvia Soutto Mayor, Carolina Contin Proença
Dermatology Clinic, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Clinical presentation of patient 1&#58; granular erythematous lesion on the right lower tarsal conjunctiva and submandibular lymphadenopathy &#40;Parinaud&#39;s oculoglandular syndrome&#41;&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Case reports</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The first case is a three-year-old male patient living with a sick cat&#46; The patient had an eye lesion in the lower portion of the tarsal conjunctiva that progressed with lymphatic dissemination&#44; the formation of a malar nodule and ipsilateral submandibular lymph node enlargement &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; The second case is a 12-year-old male patient&#44; also contaminated through contact with a sick feline&#44; with scratches on his lip and the ocular mucosa due to probable airborne contagion through sneezing by the cat&#46; It progressed with nodules forming a path in the lower portion of the face and conjunctivitis on the left eye &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46; In both cases&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sporothrix spp</span>&#46; was isolated from the ocular secretion by culture and showed complete resolution after treatment with itraconazole &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Discussion</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ocular involvement in sporotrichosis can occur through hematogenous dissemination&#44; leading to intraocular injury&#44; or by inoculation&#47;trauma&#44; compromising the ocular adnexae&#46; Retrobulbar lesions seem to be more related to hematogenous dissemination&#44; whereas anterior lesions are more associated with fungal inoculation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Both patients denied eye trauma&#44; and the second patient categorically referred to contagion by cat sneezing on his face&#46; Droplets from sick cats&#44; whose secretions contain large amounts of fungi&#44; are known to reach human membranes without the need of a local lesion for inoculation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a> Interestingly&#44; both patients were children&#44; the age group that maintains intimate contact with domestic animals&#44; often taking them close to the face&#44; thus favoring fungal inoculation on the face and ocular mucosa&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The first patient had Parinaud&#39;s oculoglandular syndrome&#46; It is a rare clinical condition&#44; characterized by unilateral granulomatous conjunctivitis&#44; accompanied by preauricular or submandibular satellite lymphadenopathy&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> In the second case&#44; the patient had two clinical forms&#58; the lymphocutaneous&#44; caused by the cat scratch&#44; and the mucosal&#44; through spore inoculation by the droplets of the same cat on the left eye&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The approach to ocular sporotrichosis is similar to that of the cutaneous type&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3</span></a> The diagnosis is made by collecting conjunctival secretion using a sterile swab&#44; followed by culture to screen for fungi&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> The drugs indicated for sporotrichosis treatment are&#58; itraconazole&#44; potassium iodide&#44; terbinafine&#44; and amphotericin B&#46; Ocular involvement in sporotrichosis should be treated with antifungals at the doses recommended for the cutaneous forms&#46; The choice of the drug will depend on contraindications&#44; availability and the host&#8217;s clinical conditions&#46; Itraconazole has been the first choice at a dose of 100 to 200&#8239;mg&#47;day until complete resolution of the lesions &#40;or for another 2 to 4 weeks&#41;&#44; in general&#44; for a total of 3 to 6 months&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Treatment duration varies in the literature and is determined by the patient&#39;s clinical response&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Financial support</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Authors&#8217; contributions</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Luciana Rodino Lemes&#58; Drafting and writing of the manuscript&#59; review of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">John Verrinder Veasey&#58; Drafting and writing of the manuscript&#59; intellectual participation in the propaedeutics and therapeutic conduct of the cases&#59; review of the manuscript&#59; approval of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Silvia Soutto Mayor&#58; Intellectual participation in the propaedeutics and therapeutic conduct of the cases&#59; review of the manuscript&#59; approval of the manuscript&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Carolina Contin Proen&#231;a&#58; Intellectual participation in the propaedeutics and therapeutic conduct of the cases&#59; review of the manuscript&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Informação do artigo
ISSN: 03650596
Idioma original: Inglês
DOI:10.1016/j.abd.2020.08.015
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