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12&#44; 24&#44; 52&#44; and 104&#46; The mean percentage of change in SCORAD is shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#44; while DLQI evolution is shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#46; At baseline&#44; SCORAD was 59&#46;4&#44; while pruritus VAS was 8&#46;3&#46; In the follow-up week 104 visit&#44; SCORAD decreased to 10&#46;7 &#40;-82&#37;&#41;&#44; and pruritus VAS reduced to 2&#46;9 &#40;-65&#37;&#41;&#46; Regarding QoL&#44; the baseline DLQI value was 19&#44; reaching 4&#46;3 &#40;-77&#46;4&#37;&#41; at the same cut-off&#46; The safety profile was favorable&#44; reporting 3 cases of mild conjunctivitis&#44; managed positively without suspension of Dupilumab&#46; One example of treatment effect is shown at baseline &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a>&#41; and 16 weeks &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig&#46; 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This retrospective multicentric study on a cohort of 30 patients with severe AD implies the longer follow-up published to date on real-life experience with dupilumab and confirms the efficacy of this agent for refractory cases&#46; A statistically significant reduction in SCORAD was achieved at week 4 and maintained through week 104&#46; The clinical improvement was accompanied by a considerable amelioration of quality of life&#44; as measured by DLQI&#44; and the most bothersome symptom&#44; itch&#44; assessed with pruritus VAS&#46; Dupilumab was well tolerated in most patients&#44; with only 10&#37; of patients suffering from conjunctivitis&#46; These results are aligned with what was recorded in Clinical Trials but contrast with other real-world studies reporting eye symptoms in up to 62&#37; of cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> From our experience&#44; the use of lipid emulsion eye drops combined with hyaluronic acid eye drops as a prophylactic measure may have a protective effect against dry eyes and eye pruritus&#44; which may have a key role in the development of conjunctivitis Injection-site reactions were not reported by our patients&#46; Limitations of the study are its retrospective nature and the small sample size&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To sum up&#44; our real-life study confirmed that dupilumab is an effective treatment in patients with severe AD and provides the longest follow-up published to date&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Financial support</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Author&#8217;s contributions</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Jose Juan Pereyra-Rodriguez&#58; Acquisition of data&#59; editing&#59; study concept and design&#59; writing&#59; critical review&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Javier Dominguez-Cruz&#58; Acquisition of data&#59; editing&#59; design&#59; critical review&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Jose Carlos Armario-Hita&#58; Acquisition of data&#59; editing&#59; design&#59; critical review&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ricardo Ruiz Villaverde&#58; Acquisition of data&#59; editing&#59; study concept and design&#59; writing&#59; critical review&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "titulo" => "References"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2020-04-20"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2020-08-24"
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      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">How to cite this article&#58; Pereyra-Rodriguez JJ&#44; Dominguez-Cruz J&#44; Armario-Hita JC&#44; Villaverde RR&#46; 104-week safety and effectiveness of dupilumab in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis&#46; The experience of 5 reference dermatology units in Spain&#46; An Bras Dermatol&#46; 2021&#59;96&#58;787&#8211;90&#46;</p>"
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        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Study conducted at the Hospital Universitario San Cecilio&#44; Granada&#44; Spain&#46;</p>"
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    ]
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mean percentage change in Scoring Atopic Dermatitis &#40;SCORAD&#41; from baseline through week 104 in patients treated with dupilumab&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">DLQI from baseline through week 104&#46; DLQI&#44; dermatology life quality index&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Baseline state on one patient in our series &#40;SCORAD 64&#41;&#46;</p>"
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">16w after Dupilumab treatment &#40;SCORAD 16&#41;&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Characteristic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Average&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Age&#44; years &#40;range&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">40&#46;4 &#40;19&#8211;56&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sex &#40;male&#44; &#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">70&#37; &#40;21&#47;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Years of AD evolution&#44; years &#40;range&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">28&#46;5 &#40;10&#8211;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Comorbidities &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nasal polyps&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#46;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Conjunctivitis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">36&#46;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Extrinsic asthma&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22&#46;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Allergic rhinitis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">50&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Alimentary allergies&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22&#46;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Previous treatment&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Oral systemic corticosteroids&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">100&#37; &#40;Average length&#58; 23&#46;7 months&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Oral cyclosporine&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">94&#46;4&#37; &#40;Average&#8217;s lengths&#58; 19&#46;8 months&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Phototherapy &#40;NB-UVB&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">33&#46;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Baseline SCORAD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">59&#46;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Baseline pruritus VAS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8&#46;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Baseline DLQI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">19&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients&#8217; baseline characteristics&#46;</p>"
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      "titulo" => "References"
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        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:5 [
            0 => array:3 [
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              "etiqueta" => "1"
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Atopic dermatitis in adults&#58; a diagnostic challenge"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "J&#46;F&#46; Silvestre Salvador"
                            1 => "D&#46; Romero-P&#233;rez"
                            2 => "B&#46; Encabo-Dur&#225;n"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.18176/jiaci.0138"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "27"
                        "paginaInicial" => "78"
                        "paginaFinal" => "88"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28071589"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Changing perspectives in atopic dermatitis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "E&#46; Serra-Baldrich"
                            1 => "J&#46;O&#46; de Frutos"
                            2 => "I&#46; J&#225;uregui"
                            3 => "J&#46;C&#46; Armario-Hita"
                            4 => "J&#46;F&#46; Silvestre"
                            5 => "L&#46; Herraez"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
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Research Letter
104-week safety and effectiveness of dupilumab in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis. The experience of 5 reference dermatology units in Spain
Jose Juan Pereyra-Rodrigueza, Javier Dominguez-Cruza, Jose Carlos Armario-Hitab, Ricardo Ruiz-Villaverdec,
Corresponding author
a Dermatology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain
b Dermatology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
c Dermatology Unit, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">16w after Dupilumab treatment &#40;SCORAD 16&#41;&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Atopic Dermatitis &#40;AD&#41; is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction of genetic predisposition&#44; environmental triggers&#44; disruption of skin barrier function&#44; and type 2 immune dysregulation&#46; Management of mild forms of AD includes the use of emollients&#44; topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors&#44; and phototherapy&#44; while systemic immunosuppressive agents such as oral corticosteroids and Cyclosporine A &#40;CsA&#41; are reserved for severe refractory cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Nevertheless&#44; severe cases are usually not adequately controlled with any of these therapies&#44; requiring a further step to reach clinical control&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Recently&#44; FDA and EMA have authorized Dupilumab&#44; a treatment targeting Th2 cytokines Il-4 and Il-13 which has shown to be effective to control the signs and symptoms of AD&#46; Real-world experience with Dupilumab shows a similar effectivity as compared to randomized clinical trials&#44; but it is yet to know how this drug will perform in the long term in routine medical practice&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#8211;5</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We performed a retrospective chart review of 30 patients from 5 Andalusian reference dermatology units &#40;Hospital Virgen del Rocio-Sevilla&#59; Hospital Juan Ramon Jimenez-Huelva&#59; Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real-Cadiz&#59; Hospital Reina Sof&#237;a-C&#243;rdoba and Hospital Universitario San Cecilio-Granada&#41; included in the Spanish compassionate use of Dupilumab for adult patients with moderate to severe AD from November 2017 to February 2020&#46; According to the compassionate use program recommendations for dupilumab prescription&#44; inclusion criteria were age &#8805;18 years&#44; a severe disease defined by a baseline Eczema Area and Severity Index &#40;EASI&#41; &#8805;16&#44; and inadequate response&#47;intolerance to CsA or medical inadvisability of CsA treatment&#46; Patients with any documented psychiatric comorbidity were excluded from the study&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All patients were treated with subcutaneous dupilumab 300&#8239;mg every other week following a loading dose of dupilumab 600&#8239;mg&#46; Concomitant topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors were allowed&#46; All patients agreed with the treatment regimen and signed a written consent form to extract relevant data from their charts&#46; Data collected included age&#44; disease course&#44; personal history &#40;including comorbidities&#41;&#44; and previous systemic&#47;biological treatments&#46; Disease severity was measured by Scoring Atopic Dermatitis &#40;SCORAD&#41; and Pruritus Visual Analog Scale &#40;VAS&#41; scores at the baseline visit&#44; and at follow-up weeks 4&#44; 12&#44; 24&#44; 52&#44; 76&#44; and 104&#46; Quality of life was assessed with Dermatology Life Quality Index &#40;DLQI&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Baseline characteristics are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#46; The studied population presented a substantial burden of disease&#44; with an average of 25&#46;7 years of AD evolution&#46; The most common comorbidities were allergic rhinitis &#40;55&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#44; asthma &#40;37&#37;&#41;&#44; and conjunctivitis &#40;33&#46;4&#37;&#41;&#46; These comorbidities were more common in those patients with longer treatment with immunosuppressants&#46; All patients had received previous treatment with oral corticosteroids&#44; and 96&#46;3&#37; had been treated with cyclosporine&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> The effectiveness of the dupilumab treatment was assessed at weeks 4&#44; 12&#44; 24&#44; 52&#44; and 104&#46; The mean percentage of change in SCORAD is shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#44; while DLQI evolution is shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#46; At baseline&#44; SCORAD was 59&#46;4&#44; while pruritus VAS was 8&#46;3&#46; In the follow-up week 104 visit&#44; SCORAD decreased to 10&#46;7 &#40;-82&#37;&#41;&#44; and pruritus VAS reduced to 2&#46;9 &#40;-65&#37;&#41;&#46; Regarding QoL&#44; the baseline DLQI value was 19&#44; reaching 4&#46;3 &#40;-77&#46;4&#37;&#41; at the same cut-off&#46; The safety profile was favorable&#44; reporting 3 cases of mild conjunctivitis&#44; managed positively without suspension of Dupilumab&#46; One example of treatment effect is shown at baseline &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a>&#41; and 16 weeks &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig&#46; 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This retrospective multicentric study on a cohort of 30 patients with severe AD implies the longer follow-up published to date on real-life experience with dupilumab and confirms the efficacy of this agent for refractory cases&#46; A statistically significant reduction in SCORAD was achieved at week 4 and maintained through week 104&#46; The clinical improvement was accompanied by a considerable amelioration of quality of life&#44; as measured by DLQI&#44; and the most bothersome symptom&#44; itch&#44; assessed with pruritus VAS&#46; Dupilumab was well tolerated in most patients&#44; with only 10&#37; of patients suffering from conjunctivitis&#46; These results are aligned with what was recorded in Clinical Trials but contrast with other real-world studies reporting eye symptoms in up to 62&#37; of cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> From our experience&#44; the use of lipid emulsion eye drops combined with hyaluronic acid eye drops as a prophylactic measure may have a protective effect against dry eyes and eye pruritus&#44; which may have a key role in the development of conjunctivitis Injection-site reactions were not reported by our patients&#46; Limitations of the study are its retrospective nature and the small sample size&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To sum up&#44; our real-life study confirmed that dupilumab is an effective treatment in patients with severe AD and provides the longest follow-up published to date&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Financial support</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Author&#8217;s contributions</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Jose Juan Pereyra-Rodriguez&#58; Acquisition of data&#59; editing&#59; study concept and design&#59; writing&#59; critical review&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Javier Dominguez-Cruz&#58; Acquisition of data&#59; editing&#59; design&#59; critical review&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Jose Carlos Armario-Hita&#58; Acquisition of data&#59; editing&#59; design&#59; critical review&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ricardo Ruiz Villaverde&#58; Acquisition of data&#59; editing&#59; study concept and design&#59; writing&#59; critical review&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        2 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0015"
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        3 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
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    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2020-04-20"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2020-08-24"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">How to cite this article&#58; Pereyra-Rodriguez JJ&#44; Dominguez-Cruz J&#44; Armario-Hita JC&#44; Villaverde RR&#46; 104-week safety and effectiveness of dupilumab in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis&#46; The experience of 5 reference dermatology units in Spain&#46; An Bras Dermatol&#46; 2021&#59;96&#58;787&#8211;90&#46;</p>"
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        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Study conducted at the Hospital Universitario San Cecilio&#44; Granada&#44; Spain&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mean percentage change in Scoring Atopic Dermatitis &#40;SCORAD&#41; from baseline through week 104 in patients treated with dupilumab&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Characteristic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Average&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Age&#44; years &#40;range&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">40&#46;4 &#40;19&#8211;56&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sex &#40;male&#44; &#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">70&#37; &#40;21&#47;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Years of AD evolution&#44; years &#40;range&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">28&#46;5 &#40;10&#8211;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Comorbidities &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nasal polyps&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#46;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Conjunctivitis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">36&#46;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Extrinsic asthma&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22&#46;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Allergic rhinitis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">50&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Alimentary allergies&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22&#46;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Previous treatment&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Oral systemic corticosteroids&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">100&#37; &#40;Average length&#58; 23&#46;7 months&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Oral cyclosporine&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">94&#46;4&#37; &#40;Average&#8217;s lengths&#58; 19&#46;8 months&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Phototherapy &#40;NB-UVB&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">33&#46;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Baseline SCORAD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">59&#46;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Baseline pruritus VAS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8&#46;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Baseline DLQI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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Article information
ISSN: 03650596
Original language: English
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