Case Letter
Hidradenocarcinoma
Andrey Amorim de Limaa,
, Monica Santosa, Patricia Motta de Moraisb, Carlos Alberto Chirano Rodriguesc
Corresponding author
a Teaching and Research Department, Fundação de Dermatologia Tropical e Venereologia Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, AM, Brazil
b Department of Dermatopathology, Fundação de Dermatologia Tropical e Venereologia Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, AM, Brazil
c Department of Dermatological Surgery, Fundação de Dermatologia Tropical e Venereologia Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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0 ] "pt" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Carta ‐ Caso clínico</span>" "titulo" => "Hidroadenocarcinoma" "tienePdf" => "pt" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "pt" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "251" "paginaFinal" => "253" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figura 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2044 "Ancho" => 1508 "Tamanyo" => 331798 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "pt" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Tumoração eritematosa, endurecida, assintomática, com aproximadamente 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm, localizada na região lateral do glúteo direito.</p>" ] ] ] 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=> "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dear editor,</span>" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "251" "paginaFinal" => "253" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Andrey Amorim de Lima, Monica Santos, Patricia Motta de Morais, Carlos Alberto Chirano Rodrigues" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Andrey Amorim" "apellidos" => "de Lima" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "amorim_andrey@hotmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Monica" "apellidos" => "Santos" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Patricia Motta" "apellidos" => "de Morais" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Carlos Alberto Chirano" "apellidos" => "Rodrigues" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Teaching and Research Department, Fundação de Dermatologia Tropical e Venereologia Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, AM, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Dermatopathology, Fundação de Dermatologia Tropical e Venereologia Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, AM, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Dermatological Surgery, Fundação de Dermatologia Tropical e Venereologia Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, AM, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1127 "Ancho" => 1508 "Tamanyo" => 500954 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0010" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Presence, in the deep dermis, of nests and cords of cuboid cells, with eosinophilic cytoplasm, mildly pleomorphic and hyperchromatic, forming tubular structures and ductal lumens, arranged in a myxoid and collagenous stroma, compatible with adnexal skin tumor (Hematoxylin & eosin, ×40).</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cutaneous hidradenocarcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm, originating from the eccrine sweat glands, and corresponding to 6% of the eccrine malignant tumors. It presents as a solitary, asymptomatic, slow-growing skin lesion, and may take an aggressive clinical course, with lymph node involvement and distant metastases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Classically, it is a carcinoma reported with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">de novo</span> onset, with no signs of previous hidradenoma. It most often affects patients from the fourth decade of life onwards.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Classically, the head and neck are the most affected sites; however, it has been reported in several locations.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this study, the authors report the case of a 42-year-old female patient who sought care during the National Skin Cancer Campaign complaining of a nine-month-old lesion on the buttock. Dermatological examination evidenced the presence of an erythematous, hardened, asymptomatic tumor, of approximately 5 cm, located in the lateral region of the right gluteus with nine months of evolution (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). She denied any trauma or previous injuries at the site.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In view of the clinical picture, the hypotheses of dermatofibrosarcoma and proximal epitheloid sarcoma were raised. A 5-mm punch biopsy was performed for histopathological examination which revealed nests and cords of cuboidal cells in the deep dermis, with eosinophilic cytoplasm, mildly pleomorphic and hyperchromatic nuclei, and formation of tubular structures and ductal lumens, arranged in a myxoid and collagenous stroma, compatible with a skin adnexal tumor (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient returned two months after the biopsy; an increase in the size of the lesion and elimination of continuous hyaline secretion were observed. Spindle-shaped excision was performed, with a safety margin of 2 cm, without recurrence of the lesion after 12 months of follow-up. The immunohistochemical analysis of the excised lesion was positive for cytokeratins of 40, 48, 50, and 50.6 kDa (AE1/AE3), p63 protein (DAK-p63), epithelial tumor glycoprotein (BerEp4), and carcinoembryonic antigen – CEA (polyclonal). Partial positivity was observed for epithelial membrane antigen – EMA (E29). Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings favored the diagnosis of hidradenocarcinoma. Tumor blood markers, such as lactic dehydrogenase (DHL), alpha-fetoprotein, and CEA, were normal. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis without contrast showed the presence of an oval mass with defined contours and margins in the right iliac fossa (ipsilateral to the excised tumor) adjacent to the sartorius muscle, measuring about 4.2 × 2.2 cm, heterogeneous, with areas of soft tissue density (32 uH) and interspaced slightly hypodense areas, with apparently non-specific liquid density. No abnormalities were observed in the abdominal and pelvic organs.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient was referred to an oncologic center. Seven months after the first approach, she underwent another surgery, performed by a surgical oncologist, to remove the oval mass in the right iliac fossa identified by CT of the pelvis. The histopathological study showed malignant neoplasia infiltration of the lymph node, consisting of the proliferation of cells with clear eosinophilic cytoplasm, vesicular nucleus, and evident nucleolus, with foci of ductal differentiation and solid areas, with frequent necrosis and numerous mitoses. The immunohistochemical panel of the affected lymph node showed expression of p63 protein, in addition to EMA and cytokeratin in the ductal areas, favoring the diagnosis of metastatic hidradenocarcinoma (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>). One year after diagnosis, the patient is being followed-up at the state oncology reference service, with no signs of local recurrence.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The diagnosis of hidradenocarcinoma is fundamentally based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. A panel positive for p63, CK15 and D2-40 is observed preferentially in primary adnexal tumors, while the negativity for these markers is found preferentially in skin metastases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> In this report, the finding of immunoreactivity with p63 suggests that it was a primary adnexal neoplasia. Local recurrence of hidradenocarcinoma is observed in more than 50% of cases, and distant metastases are observed in approximately 60% of cases, mainly in lymph nodes, lungs, and bones, which is why it is necessary to keep following-up these patients and screening for metastases. The differential diagnosis is challenging because the lesion looks benign and similar to other skin tumors. Hidradenoma (benign variant), lipoma, hemangioma, lymphangioma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, dermatofibrosarcoma, and other benign and malignant adnexal tumors, in addition to metastatic tumors for the skin, are reported as differential diagnoses. The treatment of choice is complete surgical excision of the lesion with a wide safety margin. Due to the high local recurrence and regional lymph node involvement, surgery with a wide safety margin, not specified in the literature, and resection of regional lymph nodes followed by postoperative radiotherapy appear to be the appropriate initial therapy.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> It is important to highlight the role of the National Cancer Campaign carried out by the Brazilian Society of Dermatology, where the patient was first seen.</p><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Financial support</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared.</p></span><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Authors’ contributions</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Andrey Amorim de Lima: Drafting and editing of the manuscript; critical review of the manuscript.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Monica Santos: Approval of the final version of the manuscript; design and planning of the study; drafting and editing of the manuscript; intellectual participation in propaedeutic and/or therapeutic conduct of the studied cases; critical review of the literature; critical review of the manuscript.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patricia Motta de Morais: Intellectual participation in propaedeutic and/or therapeutic conduct of the studied cases; critical review of the literature.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Carlos Alberto Chirano Rodrigues: Intellectual participation in propaedeutic and/or therapeutic conduct of the studied cases.</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Financial support" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Authors’ contributions" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Conflicts of Interest" ] 3 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2019-12-21" "fechaAceptado" => "2020-03-05" "NotaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">How to cite this article: Lima AA, Santos M, Morais PM, Rodrigues CAC. Hidradenocarcinoma. An Bras Dermatol. 2021;96:251–3.</p>" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Study conducted at the Fundação de Dermatologia Tropical e Venereologia Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, AM, Brazil.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2044 "Ancho" => 1508 "Tamanyo" => 331798 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0005" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Asymptomatic, hardened, erythematous tumor, of approximately 5 cm, located in the lateral region of the right gluteus.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1127 "Ancho" => 1508 "Tamanyo" => 500954 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0010" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Presence, in the deep dermis, of nests and cords of cuboid cells, with eosinophilic cytoplasm, mildly pleomorphic and hyperchromatic, forming tubular structures and ductal lumens, arranged in a myxoid and collagenous stroma, compatible with adnexal skin tumor (Hematoxylin & eosin, ×40).</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1127 "Ancho" => 1508 "Tamanyo" => 470455 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0015" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Immunohistochemical expression of p63 protein, favoring the diagnosis of metastatic hidradenocarcinoma (P63, ×100).</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A rare presentation of hidradenocarcinoma within the pênis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 36 | 11 | 47 |
| 2024 October | 223 | 76 | 299 |
| 2024 September | 235 | 95 | 330 |
| 2024 August | 211 | 131 | 342 |
| 2024 July | 199 | 136 | 335 |
| 2024 June | 171 | 144 | 315 |
| 2024 May | 131 | 177 | 308 |
| 2024 April | 169 | 123 | 292 |
| 2024 March | 162 | 93 | 255 |
| 2024 February | 143 | 84 | 227 |
| 2024 January | 118 | 63 | 181 |
| 2023 December | 136 | 54 | 190 |
| 2023 November | 142 | 109 | 251 |
| 2023 October | 117 | 75 | 192 |
| 2023 September | 155 | 94 | 249 |
| 2023 August | 99 | 43 | 142 |
| 2023 July | 129 | 39 | 168 |
| 2023 June | 108 | 52 | 160 |
| 2023 May | 92 | 29 | 121 |
| 2023 April | 76 | 20 | 96 |
| 2023 March | 86 | 44 | 130 |
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| 2022 December | 87 | 34 | 121 |
| 2022 November | 76 | 60 | 136 |
| 2022 October | 118 | 64 | 182 |
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| 2022 April | 47 | 63 | 110 |
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| 2022 February | 28 | 47 | 75 |
| 2022 January | 52 | 83 | 135 |
| 2021 December | 49 | 65 | 114 |
| 2021 November | 38 | 59 | 97 |
| 2021 October | 60 | 94 | 154 |
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